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Algebraic and geometric theory of quadratic forms and symmetric bilinear forms, e.g., values attained by quadratic forms, isotropic subspaces, the Witt ring, invariants of quadratic forms, the discriminant and Clifford algebra of a quadratic form, Pfister forms, automorphisms of quadratic forms.

6 votes
Accepted

Simultaneous quadratic equations

The magic word is "elimination". The obvious thing to do is to solve the first equation for $\mu_2$ in terms of $\mu_1.$ You will have two roots. Plug in each one into the second equation, expressing …
Igor Rivin's user avatar
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3 votes

maximizing convex quadratic form over the intersection of unit sphere and positive orthant

The magic words are quadratically constrained quadratic programming. And semidefinite programming. EDIT I misread the question (it is a convex maximization problem). This is still somewhat tractable …
Igor Rivin's user avatar
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16 votes
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Do almost all systems of quadratic equations have solutions?

Yes. The magic words are "elimination theory" and "resultant". In essence, the system has a solution unless some determinant (the iterated resultant) vanishes.
Igor Rivin's user avatar
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0 votes

on the determination of a quadratic form from its isotropy group in char. 2

The theory in general characteristic is covered by these nice notes of Casselman's
Igor Rivin's user avatar
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7 votes

Listing all solutions to $n = x^2 + y^2 + z^2 $ with integers

The number of representation can be as big as $\sqrt{n},$ so this is a lower bound on the complexity of any algorithm. Now, the algorithm is to iterate through all $k\leq \sqrt{n},$ and try to represe …
Igor Rivin's user avatar
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10 votes

Asymptotic formula for sums of four squares?

Note that $$L(x) = \sum_{n\leq x} r_4(n)$$ is the number of lattice points in the ball of radius $\sqrt{x}.$ It is known that $$L(x) = \frac{\pi^2}2 x^2 + O(x \log(x)).$$ (the error term can be impr …
Igor Rivin's user avatar
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3 votes

A nice necessary and sufficient condition on positive semi-definiteness of a matrix with a s...

I very much doubt that a necessary and sufficient condition exists. For example, for finite element approximations to the Laplacian in a planar domain, you will get the (potentially non-zero) off-diag …
Igor Rivin's user avatar
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